Tata Motors Essay Example

Tata Motors Paper Tata Motors were inspired to build the Tata Nano by seeing a father driving his families around with scooter. From the text, Tata was speaking at the unveiling ceremony at the 9th Auto Expo in New Delhi, He states that â€Å"I observed families riding on two-wheelers, the father driving the scooter, his young kid standing in front of him, his wife seat behind him holding a little baby. It led me to wonder whether one could conceive of a safe, affordable, all-weather form of transport for such a family† he knew that he could come up with something and help them. There was a need of inexpensive car in India because the consuming of cars in India was half of the population and the rest are motorcycles and scooters so he wanted to replace them to Tata Nano. According to the text, â€Å"the car is aimed at keeping the families of India’s growing middle class from having to travel with as many as four people on a scooter†. Tata Motors did a research on the customer by studying and trying to understand them. Understanding the customer’s values and what they need was the key concept to Tata and how the Nano car will be built and function. The engineers worked to do more with less. Tata has could cut down the price by asking his engineers and suppliers to redesign the many components to cut costs. For example, speedometer was placed the center of the dashboard over the air events, not behind the steering wheel, which the dashboard can be built with fewer parts. Tata and his engineer did their best to cut costs and meet the target of $2,500 for the price of the car. We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Motors specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Motors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Motors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I think low price means poor quality because the main purpose of producing Tata Nano is to attract the middle class who couldn’t afford expensive car which lead cost-cutting ideas such as, eliminate actuators in the headlights, the levelers that adjust the angle of the beam depending on how the car was loaded. Nano is much lighter than comparable models because they reduce the amount of steel in the car including the use of aluminum engine and the use of lightweight steel as possible. Tata motors had originally planned to manufacture Nano in Singur, West Bengal, India. However, the problem arose immediately after the purchased of the land from West Bengal government. Because the government did not actually own the land, but acquired it from local farmers by imposing the force of eminent domain. The protests hinged upon allegations that Tata forced farmers from their land and handed out payments that were a portion of the land’s value. The dispute went to the peak, over thirty thousand activities and farmers were overwhelmed in Singur, West Bengal state, to march against the plant. The highway leading to Singur was blocked and Tata Motors was force to evacuate employees from the plant site. Employees failed to show up to work after a threats from protestors. Finally, Tata Motors was putting detailed plan together for the relocation of the plant and machinery, but ended up in Tata’s existing factory in Pantnagar in Uttarakhand. The important features of the Indian economic environment were land, because most was issued for agriculture. Local farmers living related to land. Therefore, doing business in India has to consider about the land and local farmers.

Free Essays on Survival Of The Fittest Shown In London’s The Call Of The Wild

Survival of the Fittest Shown in London’s The Call of The Wild Thesis statement: In The Call of The Wild, Jack London demonstrates the survival of the fittest through his depiction of Buck’s experiences with the drivers of the sled, with the different rules of the North, and with the wolf pack. I. Introduction of paper A. Influences for work B. Thesis of paper II. Drivers of the sled A. How Buck survived B. What Buck learned III. Rules of the Northland A. What Buck learned B. What Buck gained IV. Pack of wolves A. How Buck survived B. What Buck gained V. Conclusion of paper A. Restatement of thesis B. Summary of main points C. Sentence of emphasis Survival of the Fittest Shown London’s The Call of The Wild In 1897 Jack London ventured into the Klondike in hopes of finding gold. London found no gold, but he did come back with ideas for his most popular novel, The Call of The Wild (Ashley np). In The Call of The Wild, London relived his Yukon adventures (Flink 124). For example, Flink states that London describes himself through Buck, the main character. Likewise, Buck and London even share similar experiences. For example, in The Call of The Wild when Buck is being captured, he â€Å"accepted the rope quite dignity† (London 20). At a young age London was arrested. He allowed himself to be jailed because he, like Buck, thought he would be set free. He ended up being imprisoned for thirty days. London drew from these experiences of being held captive to write his works (Flink 121). In addition, London was a social Darwinist, meaning he believed that only the strongest or more fit can survive (Allen np). Consequently, London demonstrates the survival of the fittest through his depiction of Buck’s experiences with the drivers of the sled, with the different rules of the North, and with the wolf pack in The Call of The Wild. Buck gets his first chance to s... Free Essays on Survival Of The Fittest Shown In London’s The Call Of The Wild Free Essays on Survival Of The Fittest Shown In London’s The Call Of The Wild Survival of the Fittest Shown in London’s The Call of The Wild Thesis statement: In The Call of The Wild, Jack London demonstrates the survival of the fittest through his depiction of Buck’s experiences with the drivers of the sled, with the different rules of the North, and with the wolf pack. I. Introduction of paper A. Influences for work B. Thesis of paper II. Drivers of the sled A. How Buck survived B. What Buck learned III. Rules of the Northland A. What Buck learned B. What Buck gained IV. Pack of wolves A. How Buck survived B. What Buck gained V. Conclusion of paper A. Restatement of thesis B. Summary of main points C. Sentence of emphasis Survival of the Fittest Shown London’s The Call of The Wild In 1897 Jack London ventured into the Klondike in hopes of finding gold. London found no gold, but he did come back with ideas for his most popular novel, The Call of The Wild (Ashley np). In The Call of The Wild, London relived his Yukon adventures (Flink 124). For example, Flink states that London describes himself through Buck, the main character. Likewise, Buck and London even share similar experiences. For example, in The Call of The Wild when Buck is being captured, he â€Å"accepted the rope quite dignity† (London 20). At a young age London was arrested. He allowed himself to be jailed because he, like Buck, thought he would be set free. He ended up being imprisoned for thirty days. London drew from these experiences of being held captive to write his works (Flink 121). In addition, London was a social Darwinist, meaning he believed that only the strongest or more fit can survive (Allen np). Consequently, London demonstrates the survival of the fittest through his depiction of Buck’s experiences with the drivers of the sled, with the different rules of the North, and with the wolf pack in The Call of The Wild. Buck gets his first chance to s...

Three Ethical Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Three Ethical Theories - Essay Example Much technology thus makes it possible for businesses to track how their employees use the computers, phones and even the copy machines. Utilitarianism approach appreciates the fact the means used in doing something should be justified by the end results. The business owner is thus justified to take any action which may improve the end results, in this situation, an increase in productivity. The company cannot therefore allow a free reign of the employees which allows them to have unrestricted and unmonitored use of the company internet. Free access and use of company services like the internet will end up with a situation in which the employees cease to care about the business they work and lose the aim of increasing productivity and profitability. Utilitarianism ethical perspectives support the actions of the senior management as it will increase productivity in the long run. Deontological This ethical principle focuses more on the rules and responsibilities set forward instead of looking at the final end result. If this approach is used in scenario one, each employee will be provided with rules and regulations that govern internet use while at work. This provides employees with the option of knowing what is expected of them and that every action taken must be supported by a logical reason. Invading the employee privacy to make the employees know that what they are doing is not right cannot be applied with this ethical perspective. Ethical Relativism In ethical relativisms, actions are weighed based on the practises found within a specific setup. There exist no universal way of measuring and evaluating the actions of the senior managers in this scenario to conclude on that it infringes on the privacy of the employees. Suggested approaches Scenario two Different ways people may act (and why): Perspective/ theory that may be applied Possible reactions and explanations to the situation Utilitarian From the overview provided, it is visible that actions made by th e state department officials to inflate the cost of setting the department website created an expensive situation due to the increased costs of operations that were incurred. This action did not produce any good both to the individuals involved and to the state corporation as it increased the cost of operating the website. The end of this action went against the means that was used to acquire it Deontological The methods and steps adopted in doing something are much more important than the final results that we seek to achieve. The staffs who were responsible for the establishment of this site should have weighed their actions and choices, not based on the end results or their individual desires but based on the methods and approach adopted. In a situation where other methods were available to accomplish this task, they should have gone for the cheapest option. Ethical Relativism No standard exist upon which the actions of the employees can be evaluated except the tradition set by t he society. In this society, corrupt deals and lack of integrity is not accepted in whatever means therefore making these actions inacceptable. Scenario two is therefore unacceptable by almost all these ethical theories. Suggested

The Competing Value Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Competing Value Framework - Essay Example It is important in determining the effectiveness of the organization and also is regarded as one of the important subjects in the organizational development which helps in improving the environment of the organization. It is regarded important for increasing the performance of the employees of the organization. The feasibility of the framework has been tested by various leading organizations and also by various business schools. It has served useful in understanding the marketing activities and also helps in successful integration of the marketing activities. The CVF framework helps in serving as a purposeful guide for the organizational mechanism and also regarded as a sense making device for the generation of new ideas, learning system etc. The study will give an insight into the CVF framework and its related activities, benefits, disadvantages. Finally, the study will conclude with recommendations which can improve the existing organizational system through the CVF framework. Back ground of Competing Value Framework The CVF framework evolved 25 years ago during the research and development on organizational effectiveness and culture (Walsh, 2002). The concept of organizational effectiveness is difficult and does not help in determining the different aspects of the organizational culture. ... The first aspect relates to focus of the employees in attainment of organizational objectives which lays emphasis on the welfare of the employees of the organization. The second aspect relates to the design of a strong organizational structure which lays emphasis on flexibility and stability. Both these dimensions relates to effectiveness criteria and authors Quinn and Rohrbaugh (cited in Cameron & Quinn, 2006) had named the four models as human relational, internal process, open system and rational goal model (Reed & Gordon, 2000). It was observed by this author that the CVF framework helps in resolving the organizational conflicts and then resume on the configuration of the coalition structure and also the dominant perception of success. The effectiveness of criteria of these varied dimensional models is based on the fact to improve the organizational structure (Ofori & Ranasinghe, 2000). The framework basically lays emphasis on the fact that whether they can deal with the problems and also evaluate the effectiveness in solving the problems. There is a close relationship between the organizational development and the four stages of organizational life cycle. The four stages include the entrepreneurial, collectivity, formalization and control stage and also the elaboration of the structure stage. As per author’s observation the different stages of organizational life cycle helps in facilitating the process of informal communication smoothly, development of a strong organizational structure and also promoting sense of cooperativeness among the organizational members (Rokeach, 2000). As per the observation of the authors the CVF framework helps in bringing stability in the organization, innovation and creativity

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Interview - Essay Example A person learning nursing informatics is solely in charge of computer science, information science as well as nursing science. He or she is supposed to assist in bringing applications information, nursing knowledge and data into the nursing field. Additionally, the upcoming domain of nursing informatics merges the nursing, computer and information sciences to generate a contemporary solution to the challenges facing the health care system overall and particularly nursing (Staggers & Thompson, 2002). This paper looks into the background, qualifications, experience, roles and responsibilities as well as challenges facing nursing informatics specialists. It presents reliable information obtained by interviewing a professional who holds an active nursing informatics specialist position. This interview was over the phone and it involved Mr. Youssef Maalouf, a Nursing Informatics Specialist at King Faisal Special Hospital and Research Centre in Saudi Arabia. Mr. Youssef Maalouf is a Lebanese born Canadian Citizen who had worked in Canada and the United States for a number of years prior to moving to Saudi Arabia. Professionally, he began working as a Computer Application Nurse, and then worked as a Nurse Systems Manager before he attained his current position of a Nursing Informatics Specialist. He holds an MBA in Hospital Administration and Informatics. Regarding qualifications, Mr. Maalouf said that for persons to be eligible to become nursing information specialists, they should hold at least a Bachelor degree of Nursing and if possible a masters degree or higher standing. In addition to the degree requirement, Mr. Maalouf said that the American Nurses Association also provides a Nursing Informatics Clinical Nurse Specialist certification, which particular services might need. However, in order to work in the nursing informatics domain, most systems require people to hold a masters degree in nursing informatics or in an associated field, for instance

The Buddhist Five Precepts In A Nutshell Philosophy Essay

The Buddhist Five Precepts In A Nutshell Philosophy Essay Many of us know that negative emotions and behaviour are unwholesome and lead to suffering, and that, in contrast, positive emotions and behaviour are wholesome and lead to happiness. Yet, even with this knowledge, few of us are dedicated practitioners, following the Buddhist Five Precepts faithfully and sincerely on a daily basis. In other words, there is a gap between knowledge and practice. The purpose of Dharma education is not the accumulation of knowledge, but the use and application of knowledge to bring about change within us. The teachings of Dharma help us develop a good heart and true happiness for the benefit of ourselves as well as for others. True happiness requires training and a certain degree of inner discipline. We need to train the intellect and feelings, as well as the heart and mind. In this process we undergo a transformation of our attitudes, and our entire outlook, as well as our approach to living. Buddhism provides the framework and guidance to work towards this transformation. However, such transformation does not come naturally. As human beings, we have many negative mental traits; we need to address and counteract each of these and there is no easy way out. We are unlike computers, where a simple push of a keyboard button can delete a negative trait from our mind. As humans, we need to apply a variety of approaches and methods, such as observing the precepts, meditation and so forth to deal with our varied and complex negative mental traits. Observing the Five Precepts is one of the very basic methods, a set of guiding principles with which to counteract our negative traits. The Five Precepts also help to guide our bodily actions, our speech and our mental attitudes. It is a systematic means of actualising our aim of purifying our body, speech and mind. The process of transformation requires commitment and perseverance. We need to constantly apply various techniques and take time to familiarise ourselves with the practices. Determination and inner discip line are important qualities we need to develop if we are to bring about successful transformation. The training process encompasses faith, understanding, practice, experience and realisation. First, we need to have a certain degree of faith to enter the path. We need to have faith that the Five Precepts will lead us to happiness and that we can uphold them. Next, we need to learn the value of upholding the precepts, and how this can be accomplished by understanding their contents and principles. Learning the precepts helps us to understand the importance of becoming more ethical in our behavior and increasing our mental discipline. Subsequently, we transform this knowledge into action, that is, keeping the precepts sincerely on a daily basis. Determination and inner discipline are very important in upholding the precepts. By learning, understanding and upholding the precepts, we change our perception of the world, and most importantly of ourselves. As a result, our interactions with others and the way we conduct our daily lives will become positive, fruitful and light. Such experi ence and realisation will further enhance our understanding and faith in the precepts. In the beginning, positive changes may be very minor. The negative influences that we have held for so long within our minds remain strong, leading us to continue to violate the precepts. We have to be patient with ourselves and keep working at it. Little by little, our life will come into alignment with wisdom. With growing wisdom, we will become more mindful (aware) of our thoughts and actions. Negative actions that we once committed with little or no awareness are suddenly revealed to us. As a result, it becomes easier to maintain the precepts. Just like learning to ride a bicycle, we will fall often. However, with constant practice, we will get there eventually. Observing the Five Precepts is an ethical discipline which will require constant effort from ourselves, as old negative habits are replaced with new, positive ones. We need to work with ourselves and be patient. No one saves us but ourselves, and the Buddha merely guides the way! 3.1 THE BUDDHIST FIVE PRECEPTS IN A NUTSHELL The Five Precepts were recommended by the Buddha for anyone who wishes to lead a life of peace, while also contributing to the happiness of family and society. The Five Precepts are voluntarily observed by lay Buddhists; they are not commandments that have to be strictly abided by. They form the basis of universal morality outlined in the Noble Eightfold Path, which is very important, especially when one is beginning to follow the Buddhist way. WHAT ARE THE FIVE PRECEPTS? THE FIRST PRECEPT: ABSTAIN FROM KILLING Respect Life, Not Kill and Being Compassionate I undertake the training rule to abstain from taking life, so that I will practise compassion by protecting and benefiting all life. THE SECOND PRECEPT: ABSTAIN FROM STEALING Respect Personal Property, Not Steal and Being Generous I undertake the training rule to abstain from taking what is not given, so that I will practise generosity by sharing and giving away my material and spiritual wealth. THE THIRD PRECEPT: ABSTAIN FROM SEXUAL MISCONDUCT Respect Personal Relationships, Not Indulge the Senses and To Be Content I undertake the training rule to abstain from misconduct regarding objects and subjects of sense pleasures, especially adultery, so that I will practices contentment and channel my energies towards spiritual development. THE FOURTH PRECEPT: ABSTAIN FROM UNTRUTHFUL SPEECH Respect Truth, Not Lying and Being Truthful in Speech I undertake the training rule to abstain from false speech, and other unwholesome modes of speech, so that I will communicate positively. THE FIFTH PRECEPT: ABSTAIN FROM CONSUMING INTOXICATING DRINKS AND DRUGS Respect Mental and Physical Well-being, Not Taking Intoxicants and Being Mindful I undertake the training rule to abstain from taking alcohol, and that which causes intoxication, so that I will be more healthy and not break the precepts through loss of mindfulness. 2.1.1 The First Precept: ABSTAIN FROM KILLING I undertake the training rule to abstain from taking life The pali word panna means that which breathes. A living being is one that has breath and consciousness, including human beings, animals and insects. Plants are excluded as they do not have consciousness.This precept prohibits the killing of living beings. In broader terms, it should also be understood to prohibit injuring, maiming, and torturing a living being. Conditions Under Which A Violation Is Considered to Have Occurred à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Object: The fact and presence of a living being, human or animal à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Knowledge: The knowledge that the object is a living being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Intention: The intent or resolution to kill à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The Act: The act of killing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Consequence: A resulting death Exceptions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ By accident no intention The act of killing can take place through action of the body, or speech, such as commanding someone to kill, resulting in the death of a living being. The key factor for the violation of this precept is intention. The mental factor is the propeller while the body only functions as the channel for actualising the intent to kill. A complete act of killing constituting a full violation of the precept needs to involve the five conditions stated earlier. Let us first look at the first condition: Object. There is violation only when a living being is present and one perceives it as a living being. Here is a straightforward example to illustrate this idea. In a demonstration or riot where mobs are very angry with a political leader, they might burn the photos and/ or slash the statue of the political leader. In this case, there is no killing as the rioters only perceive the photo or statue as a living being. Intending to kill one being and killing another by mistake also does not constitute a full transgression. The second condition, Knowledge, denotes that killing occurs only when the killer is aware that the object of his action is a living being, not a photo or statue. So, if we step on an insect we do not see, the knowledge (awareness) of a living being is not there and hence full violation has not occurred. The third condition, Intention, ensures that the taking of life is intentional. There is no violation if there is no intent to kill, for example accidentally killing a fly when we try to keep it away. The fourth condition holds that the action must be directed towards killing and the fifth, that the being (human or animal) dies as a result of this action. Full violation of the precept is not deemed to have happened if there is no resulting death. Underlying Motivations for Killing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Greed à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Hatred à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Delusion An example of killing motivated primarily by greed is killing for material gain, such as hunting; or to gain enjoyment, such as fishing or eating seafood. Killing motivated by hatred is evident in cases of vicious murder out of strong aversion, cruelty, or jealousy. Killing motivated by delusion can be seen in the case of animal sacrifices in certain religious practices, or in holy wars, where one kills followers of other religious beliefs, and believing that to be a sacred act. How the Precept is Violated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Committed by oneself à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ By commanding or instructing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Rejoicing in the act The precept could be violated by taking a life, or by commanding someone else to do so verbally or with gestures. A common example of instructing someone else to kill on our behalf is by ordering live seafood in a restaurant. Sometimes we may rejoice in the act of killing, for example, rejoicing in the murder of someone we do not like. When reading the news that an enemy has been killed, we must be careful not to rejoice in it. The Intensity / Severity of Violation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Spiritual Nobility of the victim à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Size of animal à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Type of animal There is a difference between killing a human being and an animal. Killing a human being is certainly a more serious violation than killing an animal. Within the category of humans, it is a more serious violation to kill ones parent or benefactor, than a stranger. In the case of animals, the severity of violation is said to be proportional to the size of the animal, that is, killing a larger animal is more reprehensible than killing a small animal (such as a tiny insect). It also matters if the animals are domesticated or wild, and if they have a gentle or vicious temperament. Of all killings, the most culpable is the killing of an arahant/arahantini (a fully liberated being), and of ones parents. The Purpose of the this Precept à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ To respect life à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ To have compassion The purpose of this precept is to respect all living beings. In doing so, we learn to be kind and compassionate to all living beings and live in harmony with them. By upholding the precept of not killing, we give all living creatures security and freedom from danger. Quotes from Scriptures Giving up killing, we abstain from taking the life of any living being; laying aside stick and sword, modest and merciful, he lives kind and compassionate to all living beings. (DN.1) There is the case where a disciple of the noble ones, abandoning the taking of life, abstains from taking life. In doing so, he gives freedom from danger, freedom from animosity, freedom from oppression to limitless numbers of beings. In giving freedom from danger, freedom from animosity, freedom from oppression to limitless numbers of beings, he gains a share in limitless freedom from danger, freedom from animosity, and freedom from oppression. This is the first gift, the first great gift original, long- standing, traditional, ancient, unadulterated, unadulterated from the beginning that is not open to suspicion, will never be open to suspicion, and is unfaulted by knowledgeable contemplatives and priests. (AN8.39) The First Mindfulness Training by Thich Nhat Hanh Aware of the suffering caused by the destruction of life, I am committed to cultivating compassion and learning ways to protect the lives of people, animals, plants, and minerals. I am determined not to kill, not to let others kill, and not to condone any act of killing in the world, in my thinking, and in my way of life. Thich Nhat Hanh has extended the First Precept of not killing humans and animals (sentient beings) to the protection of plants and minerals, which are technically not sentient beings though they are part of nature. The essence of observing this precept is to respect life, cultivate loving kindness and to live in harmony with our ecosystem and environment. In view of the consumerist world we live in, driven often by greed, this mindfulness training can help in our reflection on how we live, and how our actions contribute to harming our environment and the planet. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS REGARDING THE FIRST PRECEPT What is the Buddhist perspective on suicide? Chan Master Sheng Yen: According to the Buddhist teaching of cause and effect, since one has not realised the truth of all phenomena, or is not liberated from life and death, suicide is pointless. When ones karmic retribution is not exhausted, death by suicide only leads to another cycle of rebirth. This is why Buddhists do not support suicide, and instead, encourage constructive living, using this life to diligently practise good, thus changing the present and the future for the better. His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama: Some people commit suicide; they seem to think that there is suffering simply because there is the human life, and that by cutting off the life there will be nothingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ But, according to the Buddhist viewpoint, thats not the case; your consciousness will continue. Even if you take your own life, this life, you will have to take another body that again will be the basis of suffering. If you really want to get rid of all your suffering, all the difficulties you experience in your life, you have to get rid of the fundamental cause (greed, hatred and delusion) that gives rise to the aggregates that are the basis of all suffering. Killing yourself isnt going to solve your problem. Ven. K. Sri Dhammananda: Taking ones own life under any circumstances is morally and spiritually wrong. Taking ones own life owing to frustration or disappointment only causes greater suffering. Suicide is a cowardly way to end ones problems of life. A person cannot commit suicide if his mind is pure and tranquil. If one leaves this world with a confused and frustrated mind, it is most unlikely that he would be born again in a better condition. Suicide is an unwholesome or unskillful act since it is encouraged by a mind filled with greed, hatred and delusion. Those who commit suicide have not learnt how to face their problems, how to face the facts of life, and how to use their mind in a proper manner. Such people have not been able to understand the nature of life and worldly conditions. Ven. S. Dhammika, Good Question Good Answer, 2008, p26: When one person murders another they might do it out of fear, anger, fury, greed or some other negative emotions. When a person kills himself or herself they might do it for very similar reasons or because of other negative emotions like despair or frustration. So whereas murder is the result of negative emotions directed towards another, suicide is the result of negative emotions directed towards oneself, and therefore would be breaking the Precept. However, someone who is contemplating suicide or has attempted suicide does not need to be told that what they are doing is wrong. They need our support and our understanding. We have to help them understand that killing themselves is perpetuating their problem, surrendering to it, not solving it. To keep the precept of not killing, must we be vegetarian? There are various opinions among the different Buddhist traditions with regards to this question. The Buddha, himself, was not a vegetarian. Traditionally, Theravadin monastics live on alms food; they receive whatever is put into their alms bowl. In other words, they have no control over their diet. However, in the Jivaka Sutta (MN 55), it is mentioned that the Buddha only allowed meat to be taken on the condition that it is pure in three aspects that the monastic: 1. did not see the animal being killed 2. did not hear the cry of the animal being killed 3. did not suspect that the animal was killed specifically for the monk/nun Although these conditions technically apply only to monastics, they are often used as a reasonable guide by devout lay people. The Mahayanists relate these three types of purified meat to the nurturing of compassion. If we see the suffering of the dying animal, we should be compassionate towards them and try to relieve their suffering. It is against the principle of compassion if we do not help them, and indeed, even go ahead to consume their meat. Exceptions have also appeared in Tibetan Buddhism. In Tibet, people traditionally lived as nomads and it was, and probably still is, difficult to grow vegetables in the high altitudes, making it difficult to be vegetarian. Hence, monastics from the Theravadin and Tibetan traditions are generally not vegetarian. When Buddhism spread to China, the idea of compassion was developed further in the Chinese Mahayanist tradition, and the Bodhisattva vow of not taking meat was strongly emphasised and made compulsory. Chinese Mahayanist monastics are therefore vegetarian, and so are many devotees who have taken the Bodhisattva precepts. Today, more and more Theravadin monastics are encouraging vegetarianism, and His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama also encourages Tibetan monastics living outside Tibet, and who have control over their diet, to be vegetarian. In my opinion, vegetarianism should be encouraged, but not imposed on others. Are we not contributing to killing by eating meat? Isnt the meat in restaurants and supermarkets killed for our consumption? Let us look at the example of poultry farming. In the old days, chickens were allowed to roam freely and grow in a natural environment. They were only sent for slaughter when naturally fully grown. In other words, the production of meat was not human-controlled but based on the natural growth of the animals. Today, driven by demand in capitalist economies, poultry is produced in controlled high-tech conditions. Poultry and other animals are now raised in large-scale factory farms, deprived of natural conditions which allow them to move around and seek food freely in a natural environment. They are fed solely by humans and/or machines and kept in cages or pens, just big enough for them to stand in, day and night. Driven by human greed, some poultry farmers, for example, speed up the growth of the chickens to generate more income, causing tremendous pain and suffering to the poultry. By creating longer days and shorter nights with the use of indoor lighting, the animals are misled into eating more often than normal. Under these factory farming conditions, these animals suffer greatly. Some reports say these animals attack each other, pecking out of frustration and wounding their mates, causing each other to bleed and suffer. To prevent them from attacking each other, farmers cut their beaks off, inflicting even more pain and suffering to the poor chickens. During festive seasons, there is massive slaughter of animals to satisfy the sensual pleasures of humans. So, if we look deeply into the consumption of meat, we could be indirectly contributing to the act of killing, because the production of meat today is dependent on demand in the market. Therefore, if we can reduce our meat consumption, it will certainly reduce the demand for meat, and thereby minimising animal slaughter. If we are truly concerned for the well-being of animals and not wanting to contribute to the cruelty of modern industrial farming, we will naturally develop a kind heart and compassion towards animals. The practice of the First Precept to abstain from killing is a celebration of life. We do not support any act of killing, and we can extend it further by teaching others not to. Being mindful of what we eat and what we buy, and making an effort in our diet are ways of preventing killing. Many Buddhists find that as they develop in their spiritual path, they have a natural tendency to become vegetarian. By doing so, they live up to the Buddhas teaching on loving kindness. This energy of loving kindness brings feelings of safety, health and joy to them and all sentient beings. What did the Buddha say about vegetarianism? (Taken from Ven. Sangye Khadros article, Mandala Magazine, June 2007) There is a lot of debate within Buddhism about this issue. There are some Buddhists who are vegetarian (no meat or fish), and some who are vegans (no animal products at all, including dairy products and eggs). And there are some Buddhists who do eat meat. What did the Buddha himself say about eating meat? Well, it seems that he said different things at different times. This may sound like he contradicted himself, but the Tibetans say that the Buddha was a very skilful teacher who understood the minds and needs of his listeners and would teach them accordingly. So to some, the Buddha said it was okay to eat meat, provided that they did not kill the animal themselves, or order it to be killed. But to others, the Buddha said that if you are a follower of the bodhisattva path, and truly compassionate, you should not eat meat. To these people he spoke of the harmful consequences of doing so. In fact, there is an entire chapter in the Lankavatara Sutra (a Mahayana sutra which has been translated into English) in which the Buddha spoke very strongly against meat-eating. So as I understand it, the Buddha did not actually forbid his followers to eat meat, but left it up to each person to decide this issue for him/herself. In a way, that was compassionate of the Buddha, because some people live in places and conditions where it would be extremely difficult to abstain from meat, and if they had to be vegetarian in order to be Buddhist, they probably would not be able to do it. Also, some people are unable to be strictly vegetarian because of their physical make-up or their health. His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama is an example of this. He tried to be vegetarian, but his health suffered and his doctors advised him to eat meat. But I am sure he eats as little as possible, because in his teachings he often encourages people (especially the Tibetans, who are quite fond of meat) to either give up or at least cut down on the consumption of meat. His advice seems to be working, because I have noticed in the last few years an increase in the number of Tibetans who have given up meat, as well as Tibetan-run organisations promoting vegetarianism. I even heard that Sera Monastery in South India is a meat- free zone! Is abortion a form of killing? Isnt it better to end a pregnancy if the couple is not ready? Abortion is medically defined as the expulsion of a not yet viable foetus in humans as well as animals before the end of pregnancy, during which the foetus is not capable of maintaining an independent existence. Is abortion a form of killing? To answer this question, we need to understand when life begins. According to Buddhist teachings, the existence of a human being begins from the minds first arising, that is, from the first moment of the existence of consciousness in a foetus. In other words, life begins from the moment of conception, when an egg is fertilised by a sperm. Hence, abortion is indeed a form of killing. However, according to Buddhism, abortion is allowed only in situations where it is the most humane alternative; for example, in order to save the life of the mother. But let us be honest, most abortions are performed simply because the pregnancy is inconvenient, or an embarrassment (pre-marital pregnancy or the result of adultery). These are very poor reasons for the destruction of a life. Abortion is never a good solution to unwanted pregnancies. Prevention is better than cure. Education is the long term solution. Educating couples on sexual responsibility is a better option than destroying a life. Couples entering into sexual activity should think carefully beforehand. Are they ready to bring a new life into this world? Are they financially ready to bring up the child? Sexual activity should not be carried out without long term commitment; that is, if pregnancy occurs, the couple must be responsible for their act of bringing a new life into the world. What if a woman is raped? A child conceived as a result of rape is entitled to live and be loved just as any other child. The baby (foetus) is innocent. He or she should not be killed simply because their biological father committed a crime. In dealing with unwanted pregnancy, the child could be given away or adopted by others. How should I deal with an infestation of ants or cockroaches? Our intention is not to kill. We try our best to bring the least harm to all living creatures. We can avoid using harmful pesticides by using organic/natural ones that do not kill the creatures. For example, fresh pandan (pandanus) leaves are good for keeping cockroaches away without killing them. We also need to be aware of actions that may invite pests into our house. Some people have the habit of leaving dishes and cutlery in the basin after meals. Some wash the dishes only when there are no more clean plates and spoons in the cupboard. This will certainly invite ants and cockroaches into their homes. When their house is infected with ants and cockroaches, they start spraying pesticides. We need to be mindful and responsible for our actions. If we make an effort to keep our environment clean and dry, and keeping food out of reach, it will certainly reduce the incidence of pests. At other times when it is unavoidable, we just need to be patient and tolerant. With mindfulness and pe rseverance, we can do our best to minimise harm to living creatures. Refer to Appendix 1 (p87) for tips on how to keep insects away without killing them. Some detractors say, You Buddhists are too concerned about ants and bugs. (Taken from Ven. S. Dhammika, Good Question Good Answer, p25) Buddhists try to develop a compassion that is undiscriminating and all-embracing. We see the world as a unified whole where each thing and creature has its place and function. We believe that before we destroy or upset natures delicate balance, we should be very careful. Where emphasis has been on exploiting nature to the full, squeezing every last drop out of it without putting anything back, conquering and subduing it, nature has revolted. The air is becoming poisoned, the rivers polluted and dead, so many animals and plants are heading for extinction, the slopes of the mountains are barren and eroded. Even the climate is changing. If people were a little less anxious to crush, destroy and kill, this terrible situation might not have arisen. We should strive to develop a little more respect for all life. And this is what the First Precept is about. What if we are practicing non-violence and someone breaks into our house and threatens us? What should we do? It all depends on your level of cultivation. If you are an experienced practitioner who practises non-violence in your daily life, the chances are you will be more likely to react calmly and intelligently without harming anyone. The compassion one generates could influence the intruder to be less violent. But in order to be able to react in an intelligent and non-violent way, our day-to-day training is important. It may take years to develop. If you wait till a crisis happens, it will be too late. And at that crucial moment, even if you know all the teachings to embrace compassion, to be non- violent, it is only intellectual knowledge. Since it is not an intrinsic part of your being, you may not be able to act in a non-violent manner. The self-centred cherishing attitude, the fear and anger in you will likely obstruct you from acting that way. Hence, it is important to transform our knowledge into practice and to embrace loving kindness and compassion in our daily life. Here is the story of a practising Buddhist reacting in a non-violent way when confronted with a robber. Home Intrusion and the Protection by the Triple Gems (The following article is extracted from the Buddhist Society of Western Australia Newsletter, Feb/Mar issue, 2010) On that fateful night of 19 January 2010, a masked intruder armed with a knife, garden fork and a hammer walked into my house through an unlocked door around 9 p.m. I was cooking in my kitchen and happened to turn around to be confronted by this strange looking masked man standing about 4 feet away holding up his weapons. Extreme terror came over me. I let out two blood curdling screams in quick succession. In a split second, I went into denial as I stared into his face to see if it was my husband, Sunny dressed up like that to frighten me. Hearing the screams, Sunny came flying into the kitchen to investigate. The intruder ordered both of us to lie down on the kitchen floor and not to look at him. He told us to just look at his feet to know where he was. As we went down on the floor, Sunny started chanting om mani padme hum, the Buddha of Compassions mantra, and I joined him in chanting quietly under our breaths. At that point I was shaking with fear. Thoughts of being robbed, bashed senseless, raped or even killed ran amok in my mind. Minutes later a calmness came over me. I even questioned myself then as to why I was feeling so calm. The first thing I said to the intruder was We are peaceful people. Just tell us what you want and we will give it to you but please do not harm us. His reply to that was, I am also a peaceful person. If you do as I tell you, I will not harm you. That was cold comfort to us as he was the one holding the weapons and looked quite agitated and menacing. He added, I want money. My wife is pregnant and I am homeless. To that Sunny said, I have $50 in my wallet. When he opened the wallet, he only found a $20 note. So then I gave him my purse which contained $30. At that point I thought he would ask us to drive him to the nearest ATM to get more cash and then will probably finish us off, but surprisingly there were no demands from him for more cash or anything else. He was quite happy with the $50 cash, mobile phone and our car. He said he would return the car keys another day and leave them in our letter box. He later changed his mind, saying he would drive to Warwick Station and leave the keys under the car seat. During our half hour ordeal, he apologised numerous times and asked for forgiveness. Twice he sounded as though he was about to cry for putting us throug

We Should Reach out to Muslims Essay -- Islam, Jihad, Terrorism Essays

Do we, the United States, the West, have an argument with Islam? We surely have an argument with a lot of Muslims. The media in Muslim countries are full of anti-Americanism. Furthermore, most Muslim countries practice forms of government completely at odds with the political ideas cherished by Americans. They are despotic and intolerant. Muslim countries seem to conform to the pattern of so-called "shame" cultures, in which the rightness and wrongness of deeds are judged not by some moral compass, but by the reactions of onlookers. And then there is the dreadful antisemitism with which Islam seems to be riddled. From professors of theology at Saudi universities to New York City cab drivers, it sometimes seems you only have to scratch a Muslim to find an antisemite of the vicious, irrational kind that largely disappeared from the Christian world half a century ago. Sophisticated Muslims tell you that this is really just anti-Zionism, a reaction to the indignities suffered by their co-religionists in Palestine. You can believe that if you want to. Muslim anti-Semites say "Zionist" when they're being very careful, but mostly they just say "Jew." Besides, Israel is an ethno-state, a Jewish homeland. To target your feelings precisely against that nation, leaving aside the Jews of other lands (most of whom, in any case, support Israel to some degree) is a job of emotional fine-tuning very few human beings are actually capable of. I am sure there are anti-Zionists who are not anti-Semitic (there is in fact a Judaic se ct, the Neturei Karta, who are anti-Zionist), but I am also sure their numbers are small - among Muslims, I think, vanishingly small. And certainly Muslim anti-Semitism pre-dates the founding of the modern state of Isra... ... Islam (Baltimore, 1955). Ostling, Richard N. "Islam's Idea of Holy War." Time, 11 February 2001, 51. Peters, Rudolph. Islam and Colonialism: The Doctrine of Jihad in Modern History (The Hague, Netherlands: 1979). The Qur'an: The Eternal Revelation vouchsafed to Muhammad, The Seal of the Prophets. Trans. Muhammad Zafrulla Khan. (New York, 2012). Ryan, Patrick J. "The Roots of Muslim Anger: The Religious and Political Background of Worldwide Islamic Militancy Today." America, 26 November 2011, 8. Sivan, Emmanuel. "The Holy War Tradition in Islam." Orbis 42, no. 2 (2011): 171. Streusand, Douglas E. "What Does Jihad Mean?" September 1997. (5 December, 2013). "Text of Alleged Terrorist Fax." CBS News, 24 September 2013. (31 October 2013). Watt, W. Montgomery. Companion to the Qur'an: Based on the Arberry Translation (London, 2007).

Love to the Country

Nationalism. Custom Nationalism Essay Writing Service || Nationalism Essay samples, help The concept of nationalism is quite complicated, and many scholars still debate about it in academic circles. Nationalism has been defined differently by scholars who have developed various schools of thought about it. â€Å"Nationalism involves a proper classification of a group of people with a political unit stated in national terms†Ã‚  (Allan, 2004). It can also be explained as a unifying factor since it aims at uniting a group of people who share common social and cultural values.Many historians believe that nationalism began in the post medieval period in Europe. According to Kohn, nationalism began in 1642, while Acton believes that it started developing during the partition of Poland in 1772. However, Kedourie contends that it began in 1806 in Berlin. Many scholars believe that it originated during the French Revolution that took place in 1789. â€Å"This is because the French Rev olution introduced the aspects of nationalist ideas, which were brewing up during the past two centuries†Ã‚  (Smith, 2001). Trevor Roper traces the origin of nationalism in Germany, and Hungary.From these territories, it was spread to Eastern and Southern Europe by intelligentsias. The idea of nationalism later spread to Asia and Africa. This paper seeks to discuss how nationalism led to European interest in both Africa and Asia. Nationalism became one of the major developments that took place during the period of 19thcentury. â€Å"During this period, nationalism was witnessed in various European territories such as Italy, Germany and France†Ã‚  (Allan, 2004). The 19th  century was also characterized by despotic regimes like Germany, which dominated international politics.In 1871, there was a significant development in Germany, which changed its role in world affairs. In this case, it became unified, and this made it more stable than before. Just like other freshly f ormed states, Germany increasingly became nationalistic, and it wanted to assert its self both politically and economically. In this case, Germany had to seek extra territories overseas. This condition was exacerbated by the fact that the German merchants wanted more commercial opportunities abroad. Hence, they encouraged their government to acquire more territories on their behalf.This trend prevailed among other European powers including Britain. France also found it necessary to engage in overseas expansion owing to the circumstances it had found itself in during the Franco Prussian War. Due to the humiliation it suffered during this war, France decided to replace its lost provinces by seeking territories overseas. Hence, France shifted its focus to Africa. For example, it occupied Egypt for sometime before the British it. On the other hand, Britain keenly examined these new developments, and it became concerned about the increased European activities in Asia and Africa.Thus, it went a head and established more territories in Asia and Africa. For instance, it annexed India due to its commercial potential. It then annexed Egypt and the East African Coast because they were strategic. Other than commercial interests, possession of many colonies was associated with pride and power. Consequently, many European powers strived to acquire many colonies in order to prove their political strength. Indeed, this was a significant aspect of nationalism during this time frame.Lastly, nationalism also coincided with industrial revolution, and this caused a great need for markets and investment opportunities in foreign territories. Conclusion The spread of nationalism did not stop at the end of 19th  century, but it continued even in the 20thcentury. Many African countries fought for self determination after the Second World War, and they mainly used the nationalist ideologies. Nationalism is still being practiced even at present. For example, a wave of nationalism recen tly emerged in Arab countries such as Egypt Yemen, Tunisia, and Libya.These revolutions clearly demonstrate that despotic regimes still exist, and many people are still fighting for nationalism even after achieving independence. Nationalism, therefore, remains one of the greatest developments that started in 19th  century. Love for one’s own country Loving one’s own country is closely associated with patriotism. Patriotism is a loyal feeling which one has about his own country. one must have a deep and passionate loyal feeling about his country. One of these feelings of one man in a country is upsurge and unhonoured. The feeling has kindled many dormant nations into actions.History is filled up with instances where patriotic people under able leadership have saved their land. Our father of nation Mahatma Gandhi bought for the freedom of our country with a burning patriotic zeal. One must take pride in the culture and beauty of one’s own country, the rivers, mo untains, hills, valleys, deltas must inspire one’s patriotic feeling. He has to encourage the art and    trade of his country. He must support his country as his duty. He shall never do anything that would bring down the fair name and image of his country. In the present context of the world the narrow patriotism is nearly out moded. ountry however powerful or rich can stand isolated. The world is shining with the fast mode of communication and no country is too far away. The complex economy of the world has every country dependent on one another. Self-contained condition is only a thing of past, every culture today is what it has rowed from culture. No culture can boast of being pure. so there is no meaning in narrow nationalisation . it is safe to conclude that fantastic patriotism is bad though loving ones country for beherment and good deals is a noble act. Being proud of India is not enough. Resolve to do something in your lifetime that India will be proud of

Cholesterol The Good and Bad Essays

Cholesterol The Good and Bad Essays Cholesterol The Good and Bad Paper Cholesterol The Good and Bad Paper Cholesterol The Good and Bad Cholesterol is the principal sterol for animals and humans alike, consisting of a hydroxyl group, a steroid group, and a hydrocarbon side chain. (htpp://EncyclopediaBritannica.com). It is an insoluble lipid substance produced by the liver and found both in cell membranes and circulating in the blood stream. The name cholesterol is derived from the Greek word chole, which means bile, in conjunction with stereos, also a Greek word that means solid.   That is because it was discovered in the 18th century in solid form, as gallstones, by Franà §ois Poulletier de la Salle in 1769. The -ol part in the word is the way alcohol is named in chemistry.     A few years later the chemist Eugà ¨ne Chevreul gave it the name cholesterine. (htpp://EncyclopediaBritannica.com). Cholesterol was correctly synthesized for the first time in 1951 by Robert B. Woodward, an American chemist and Nobel Prize winner, and it has been known to have potentially dangerous health effects as early as the year 1910 (http://science.jrank.org/pages/1454/Cholesterol-History.html) On that year, Russian biologist Nikolai Antischow found plaques of cholesterol on the arterial walls of laboratory rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet. This breakthrough discovery prompted scientists around the world to further study the controversial and elusive role of cholesterol and its relation to heart disease, currently the leader in deaths for both men and women in the Western world. That’s because even though cholesterol is involved in many important metabolic processes, there has been increasingly clear evidence that when present in elevated levels it can lead to Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), stroke, and atherosclerosis. Cholesterol, contrary to its popular image as a potent enemy of health and longevity, is actually a crucial substance that performs innumerable vital functions in the body. Cholesterol is needed for the synthesis of bile acids, which are essential for the absorption of fats, and of many hormones such as testosterone, estrogen, dihydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, and cortisol. Together with sun exposure, cholesterol is required to produce vitamin D. Cholesterol is an essential element of cell membranes, where it provides structural support and may even serve as a protective antioxidant. (Colpo 83) Cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood. The desirable levels are 200 mg/dL, while anything over 239 mg/dL is considered high. The imminent connection between CVD and elevated levels of blood cholesterol is that as excessive amounts circulate freely in the blood stream, it accumulates in the arterial walls. When this process continues over the years, the buildup, also called plaque, hardens and therefore narrows the arteries. Calpo mentions that:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The plaques are complex entities with numerous   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   components, including smooth muscle cells, calcium,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     connective tissue, white blood cells, cholesterol,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and fatty acids (84). The result is a reduced volume of blood reaching the heart; blood that is rich in oxygen necessary for its normal function. A heart attack occurs when an artery gets completely blocked. Of particular importance is the Framingham Heart Study started in 1948 under the direction of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the University of Boston. Culminating in 2005 and spanning three generations of thousands of people, it conclusively catalogs hypercholesterolemia as a risk for CVD and other serious health conditions. This study spawned over 1,200 medical research articles published in leading medical journals (Byrne). Still under investigation by the Framingham Heart Study is the direct relationship of low density lipoproteins (LDL), commonly known as â€Å"bad cholesterol† and CVD (framingham.com/heart/). There is mounting evidence that low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) play an important role in the overall health effects of cholesterol:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Because cholesterol is water-insoluble, it must be transported inside lipoproteins. Various types of lipoproteins exist, but the two most abundant are low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The main function of LDL is to transport cholesterol from the liver to tissues that incorporate it into cell membranes. HDL carries old cholesterol that has been discarded by cells back to the liver for recycling or excretion.(Colpo 83) Based on this information, HDL is considered a benign type of cholesterol, while LDL is feared as the main culprit of increasing the incidence of a large variety of cardiovascular ailments. Optimal LDL levels are 100 mg/dL, and anything over 159 mg/dL is considered high, placing the patient at risk of CVD. On the other hand, because HDL is a type of cholesterol that could prevent heart disease, the higher its levels the better for the patient. Thus, doctors look for numbers at around 60 mg/dL, while blood test results lower than 40 mg/dL might place the patient at an elevated risk of heart disease. Furthermore, there is clear evidence that genetics plays a role in hypercholesterolemia:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The cells of the body contain information, in the form of genes, for the body to make all the necessary structural components and chemicals to ensure normal function. Genes contain the instructions for the way in which cholesterol and other fats are taken into the cells. The LDLR gene contains the instructions for the body to make the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) â€Å"receptor†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (R) that enables the absorption of the LDL into the cell. When this receptor   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     is not working properly, cholesterol and other fats   build-up in the blood,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   causing plaques to form and resulting in a susceptibility (predisposition) to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  coronary artery disease. (McKusick   298) While McKusick concludes that a very small percentage of the population carries the faulty gene, scientists have been able to confirm that age and gender also play a role in cholesterol levels found in the general population (299). Middle-aged men and women typically notice their cholesterol levels rise, and even though pre-menopausal women maintain lower numbers than men, once they reach menopause their numbers are equal to men. Moreover, most researchers agree that diet has a strong impact on reducing the incidence of high cholesterol. Studies show that consuming high levels of saturated fats and some oils significantly increases the blood levels of LDL cholesterol. Therefore, the current medical recommendations lean toward following a diet low in meat and dairy products, reducing overall fat consumption. Additionally, exercising regularly helps maintain proper weight and reduce cholesterol levels with the added benefit of improving overall cardiovascular health. A diet low in saturated fats and a consistent and age-appropriate exercise program go hand in hand with acceptable cholesterol levels.   Patients with hypercholesterolemia who achieve their ideal weight as a result of diet and exercise typically see a reduction in cholesterol serum levels. Also, bi-yearly check ups are recommended to assess the blood cholesterol levels of patients, as well as to allow the physician to better manage the blood test results (Henkel 24). A typical visit with the doctor includes a follow-up chart of weight and overall heart screening including normal pulse, respiratory capacity and any symptoms indicative of cardiac problems. Blood test results are analyzed for total cholesterol levels as well as individual LDL and HDL levels. Hemoglobin and other blood lipids, such as triglycerides are screened as well. Hemoglobin transports oxygen in the blood, a vital component for a healthy cardiovascular system. Statin drugs are the prescription medicines of choice when diet and exercise are not enough to control hypercholesterolemia. They reduce blood cholesterol by blocking the synthesis HMG coenzyme A reductase, a liver enzyme necessary for producing cholesterol (Colpo 85). Furthermore, Colpo mentions that statins prevent the formation of plaque, and even reverse atherosclerosis, according to studies performed on laboratory rabbits (85). Additionally, and this is very important as it relates to the inflammatory nature of heart attacks, Colpo states that: In research with mice, statins markedly reduce measures of both inflammation and atherosclerosis, despite little change in serum cholesterol levels. In humans, statin therapy produces significant reductions in C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammatory activity that has repeatedly been associated with increased cardiovascular risk (86). Pharmaceutical drugs such as Lipitor and Crestor are widely prescribed nowadays, with additional cardiovascular fringe benefits that go beyond lowering cholesterol levels, as mentioned in the previous paragraph (Colpo 86). The synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol is a complex process that directly affects cardiovascular health. Regardless of family history, exercise, diet, and proper administration of prescription drugs successfully help reduce overall cholesterol levels, including lowering the levels of LDL. However, as with any medical condition, more research is necessary to better understand the complexity of cardiovascular disease and exactly how elevated blood cholesterol and in particular low density and high density lipoproteins affect its onset. Byrne, Kevin P. Understanding and Managing Cholesterol: A Guide for Wellness Professionals. Human Kinetics Books, 1991. Colpo, Anthony. â€Å"LDL Cholesterol: Bad Cholesterol, or Bad Science?† Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons Volume 10 Number 3 (Fall 2005): 85-86. Henkel, John. â€Å"Keeping Cholesterol under Control.† FDA Consumer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Magazine. (January February 1999): 22-24 framingham.com/heart http://info.britannica.com http://science.jrank.org/pages/1454/Cholesterol-History.html McKusick, Dr. Victor A. John Hopkins Directory of Genetics Support   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Groups, Services and Information (2006): 298-299

CSR in Nokia Company Essays

CSR in Nokia Company Essays CSR in Nokia Company Essay CSR in Nokia Company Essay In the last few years, more organizations are spending a fortune on their corporate social responsibility. This is increasing growing as a result of customer relationship and interest shown by the consumers in both products and service. Consumers are not Just having a brand loyalty but are monitoring the company in places where are operating to see If they will be environmental friendly. In other to successfully scrutinize the firm, the managers of this company are evaluating their Impact on the people and the environment. Monika has done reasonably well and still setting target or future year in other to fully implement recommendations and research result. Corporate Social Responsibility is of the best way to monitor the progress and face the challenges confronting them. Every well-to-do organization has a role to play to sustain or add value to the economy where they operate. Every company that intends to grow and succeed must care about the people and the society, e. G Must be socially responsible. This is why a company like Monika, Invested so much in other to see changes reflected In the way they do business in the community where they operates and changes In the mobile industry. The transformation is noticeable as Monika has brought a lot of Innovation to the mobile Industry and in the process of Investing and Influencing this change, there are specific areas where the company will always face Issues and the degree of challenges defers depending on the region where its being operated. Some of the challenges faced by Monika in the process of operating included but not limited to the following:- Energy Conservation Monika has consistently reduced the electricity it generated to operate overtime. Accordingly 40% of the electricity used by Monika comes from renewable energy sourcesl . Waste Management Monika has reduced the landfill waste by more than half since 2008 and the company has achieved 98% reduction as at 2012. Material The company is working towards sustaining the use of recycled materials. As at 2012, It Is using about 66% recycled materials on packaging and working towards increasing to 100%. Nooks, 201 2) Other factors affecting Monika are In the area of health safety, product use, logistic and suppliers. This Is not peculiar to Monika but to every organization where they value the Corporate social Responsibility (CARS). In other to understand the factors and the challenges faced by Monika, it is imperative to SE the external factors such as the Politic al, legal, social and the technology to identify and understand the market conditions where the company is localized, and thus work out modalities that could help or sustains Monika global brand. POLITICAL Even though the core basic aspect of Ionians business Is connecting people via mobile data communication, it is important for Monika to understand each terrain where their company Is domiciled. In view of this, It Is pertinent for Monika to understand the political landscape of the economy as the government must not be partial In the dealings with corporate companies. If there Is a good political structure in an economy, there is a tendency for Monika to grow but where the environment is This is one of the biggest aspects of mobile data Communication Company. The legal system differs from one country to the other and thus Monika needs to understand the concept doing things right. It may be impossible to avoid legal matters in as much as contracts, trade, agreements and taxation issues are involve, but Monika can study each country mode of operations better before appending contract, defaulting on tax issue. As rightly put We go beyond current legal compliance, not merely taking it a saline but as a starting point for further improvement. Our goal is for our devices to contain no substances of concern. We continuously review and update our substance list to comply with any new requirements or restrictions. Moreover, we continuously explore and introduce new environmentally-friendly materials. (Monika, Report 2012). SOCIAL The social factor is a very important determinant aspect to a successful Ionians operation. This will determine the willingness of people to be able to afford to buy Ionians phone. The segmentation of the population will determine which age group guys what? This will be influenced by the purchasing power of the people. E. G. N Africa, majority of the youth prefer to own about three (3) phones, one of which is the Ionians phone due to the durability of the phone battery as most places do not have power to generate electricity on their own, others will prefer the shape of the phones while others are more concern with the content of the phone. But coming to the Middle East, majority of the youth do not have more than one phone but will prefer a classic or stylish pho nes. People per capital income will also show their purchasing ewer, whether more people can afford to buy a new Monika phone or not. All these are part of the social factors affecting Ionians operation and growth expansion. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Monika believes so much in investment into mobile technology and the company has spent significant amount of money on technological advancement. Without a continued innovation and research, a company cannot survive and this is where business environment values innovation. People prefer to have a phone with all-in- one mobile functionality. It is one of such investment in technology that is displayed n the New Monika Lamina with 42 camera MSP. CONCLUSION For Monika to have survive this far means that the company understand the challenges being faced and thus needs to continually study the political terrain of where they are operating, understand the legal aspect and strive to improve the social standard of the people while investing more in mobile technology. As stated in the Monika report, sustainability is about unleashing the potential of mobile technology to help people build better lives and a better planet. And its about minimizing possible negative impacts of our activities. (Monika Report, 2012).

Cinderella by the Grimm Brothers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cinderella by the Grimm Brothers - Essay Example These versions include The Story of the Black Cow, Donkeyskin by Charles Perrault and the recent Cinderella by the Grimm Brothers. The stories share certain similarities in terms of the plots, where there is an ill motive from one of the parents of the offspring, and they have to run away or endure suffering as a result. The protagonists later find love and their suffering ends. In The story of The Black Cow, the young boy has to run away from his stepmother who mistreats him but favors her daughter. In the story of Donkeyskin, the princess, who is nicknamed Donkeyskin, also has to run away from the father because he believes she is supposed to be his wife. The father is trying to fulfill his late wife’s dying wishes that he should marry a woman who is wiser and more beautiful than her. The plot in Cinderella also portrays the same theme where the girl is facing a lot of hostility from the stepmother. However, she does not have the choice of running away like the characters in the other two tales. The stories also show a lot of magical happenings. In The Story of The Black Cow, there is a cow that can talk with the boy and magically produce sweets by stomping her feet on the ground. Also, there is a snake that is supposedly holding the universe together. The snake is pleased with the cow’s action of feeding him with milk and grants the cow a wish. The cow asks the snake to cover the boy with golden clothes and make his body shine like gold, and the snake makes it happen. In the case of Donkeyskin, there is a donkey that produces gold coins instead of dung while Cinderella gets her carriage from a pumpkin and horses from mice with the help of her fairy godmother. These gifts make the characters unique from the rest, for instance the ring that only fits on Donkeyskin’s finger, the golden slipper that only fits

Homework Problem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Homework Problem - Assignment Example Question 3: The University of Iowa is experimenting with a blend of soil amendments to be used in an analysis of variance study of the response of tomatoes to various amounts of sunlight.   To perform this study, all other elements must be controlled so that the only variable is the sunlight.   The minimum requirements for calcium, phosphorous, and potassium are 125 pounds, 150 pounds, and 120 pounds respectively.   The soil amendment mixture from Prairie Gold consist of 25% calcium, 25% phosphorous, 14% potassium, and 36% other ingredients.   It costs $0.60 per ounce.   The mixture from Grinell Grow is 20% calcium, 25% phosphorous, 25% potassium, and 30% other ingredients.   It sells for $0.80 per ounce Formulate a linear programming model that will allow the University of Iowa to conduct this experiment using a minimum cost blend of the two soil amendment mixtures. State clearly the Objective Function and the Constraints (if any) Question 5: Given these parameters:   ÃŽ » = 25 per hour, ÃŽ ¼ = 30 per hour, and Wq  = .3 hours, calculate the average number of customers in the system, average number of customers in the queue, and the average time a customer spends in the system using Littles Formulas. Question 6: An investor studied the percentage rates of return of three different gold funds. Random samples of percentage rates of return for four periods were taken from each fund. The results appear in the table